Quality of Iron Tablet Consumption and Sleep Quality as Predictors of Anemia among Adolescent Girls
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36568/jone.v4i4.777Keywords:
Anemia, Adolescent Girl, Sleep Quality, Fe, logistic regressionAbstract
Anemia remains a major public health concern among adolescent girls in Indonesia. It can impair growth and concentration and may have long-term consequences, including complications during pregnancy and childbirth and adverse health outcomes for offspring. The reported prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls is 35.5% nationally and 11.47% in Mojokerto Regency in 2024. This case-control study examined the associations of iron (Fe) tablet consumption quality, sleep quality, body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and family income with anemia among female senior high school students. A total of 342 participants, comprising 171 girls with anemia and 171 without anemia, were randomly selected from 3,038 girls who underwent hemoglobin testing at community health centers. Data were collected through interviews conducted between June and July 2026. Anemia status was obtained from secondary health center records, sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Fe tablet consumption quality was measured using a checklist. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression in SPSS version 25. Poor sleep quality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 7.463; 95% CI: 3.817–14.706), at-risk BMI (AOR = 3.460; 95% CI: 2.083–5.747), family income below the regional minimum wage (AOR = 2.004; 95% CI: 1.206–3.333), and poor Fe tablet consumption quality (AOR = 1.866; 95% CI: 1.121–3.106) were significantly associated with anemia, whereas MUAC was not (p = 0.729). In conclusion, poor sleep quality, at-risk BMI, lower family income, and poor Fe tablet consumption quality were independently associated with anemia among adolescent girls in the study population.
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