Association Between Gadget Use, Energy and Protein Intake, and Nutritional Status: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Senior High School Adolescents in Porong

Dwi Hari Rahmawati; Nuning Marina Pengge; Taufiqurrahman; Annas  Buanasita

doi:10.36568/jone.v3i3.560

Authors

Dwi Hari Rahmawati Departemen of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
Nuning Marina Pengge Departemen of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0032-4085
Taufiqurrahman Departemen of Nutrition, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9854-2427
Annas Buanasita

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36568/jone.v3i3.560

Keywords:

Gadget, Teenager, Nutritional Status, Energy Intake, Protein Intake

Abstract

Indonesia ranks fourth globally in internet users, with over 100 million smartphone users recorded in 2018, raising concerns about the impact of widespread gadget use on adolescents' lifestyle and nutritional health. This study aims to analyze the association between gadget use, energy and protein intake, and nutritional status among senior high school students in Porong.

A descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted at SMAN 1 Porong from September 2023 to February 2024, involving 60 tenth-grade students selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a validated gadget use questionnaire, anthropometric measurements (BMI), and a 2x24-hour dietary recall. Data were analyzed using SPSS, applying univariate and Spearman correlation tests.

The results showed a significant correlation between gadget use duration and nutritional status (p = 0.002), while no significant relationships were found between energy intake (p = 0.439) or protein intake (p = 0.859) and nutritional status. Future research is recommended to involve larger sample sizes, adopt longitudinal designs, and include additional variables such as physical activity, sleep quality, and mental health to better understand the determinants of adolescent nutritional status.

References

Kumala AM, Margawati A, Rahadiyanti A. Hubungan Antara Durasi Penggunaan Alat Elektronik (Gadget), Aktivitas Fisik dan Pola Makan dengan Status Gizi Pada Remaja Usia 13-15 Tahun. J Nutr Coll [Internet]. 2019 May 14;8(2):73. Available from: https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jnc/article/view/23816

Ramadhani F, Hatta H, Nuryani N, Maesarah M, Adam D, Sillehu S, et al. Correlation of Energy, Protein, Carbohydrate, and Physical Activity Intake with Nutritional Status of Adolescents. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2022;10(E):1440–5.

BKPK. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 Dalam Angka. Kementrian Kesehat RI. 2023;

Winerungan R, Punuh MI, Karwengian S. Hubungan Antara Asupan Energi dengan Status Gizi Pada Pelajar SMP di Wilayah Malalayang I Kota Manado. J KESMAS. 2018;7(5).

Widawati. Gambaran Kebiasaan Makan dan Status Gizi Remaja di SMAN 1 Kampar Tahun 2017. J Gizi Nutr J. 2018;2(2):146–59.

Haryanti RT, Susilowati T, Sari IM. Hubungan Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Status Gizi Pada Siswa SMK Batik 2 Surakarta. ASJN (Aisyiyah Surakarta J Nursing) [Internet]. 2022 Jul 31;3(1):27–33. Available from: https://journal.aiska-university.ac.id/index.php/asjn/article/view/897

Mayyoni N, Suiraoka I, Widarti I. Hubungan Penggunaan Gadget dan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Status Gizi Siswa SMP di Kota Denpasar. J Nutr Sci. 2019;8(3):172–8.

Dieny FF. Permasalahan Gizi Pada Remaja Putri. In Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu; 2014.

Sediaoetama. Ilmu Gizi Untuk Mahasiswa dan Profesi Jilid 1. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat; 2010. 319 hlm.

S A. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2019.

Dhiyanti AY, Tanuwijaya LK, Arfiani EP. Analisis Kesesuaian Kandungan Energi dan Zat Gizi Makro Rencana Menu dengan Standar Diet untuk Pasien Diabetes Mellitus. Amerta Nutr [Internet]. 2020 Mar 15;4(1):1. Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/14332

Nisa J, Chikmah A, Harnawati R. The Effects of Gadgets on the Occurrence of Anemia in Teenage Girls. Siklus J Res Midwifery Politek Tegal [Internet]. 2020 Jan 23;9(1):54–9. Available from: https://ejournal.poltektegal.ac.id/index.php/siklus/article/view/1653

Hafiza D, Utmi A, Niriyah S. Hubungan Kebiasaan Makan dengan Status Gizi Pada Remaja SMP YLPI Pekanbaru. Al-Asalmiya Nurs J Ilmu Keperawatan (Journal Nurs Sci [Internet]. 2021 Mar 4;9(2):86–96. Available from: https://jurnal.stikes-alinsyirah.ac.id/index.php/keperawatan/article/view/671

Zahtamal Z, Munir SM. Edukasi Kesehatan Tentang Pola Makan dan Latihan Fisik untuk Pengelolaan Remaja Underweight. J PkM Pengabdi Kpd Masy. 2019;2(01):64.

Puspa AK, Loebis R, Nuswantoro D. Pengaruh Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Penurunan Kualitas Penglihatan Siswa Sekolah DasarPuspa, A. K., Loebis, R., & Nuswantoro, D. (2018). Pengaruh Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Penurunan Kualitas Penglihatan Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Global Medical and Health Comm. Glob Med Heal Commun. 2018;6(47):28–33.

Wijanarko J, Setiawati E. Ayah Ibu Baik Parenting Era Digital : Pengaruh Gadget pada Perilaku dan Kemampuan Anak Menjadi Orang Tua Bijak di Era Digital. Jakarta: Keluarga Indonesia Bahagia; 2016. 199 halaman.

Sulistyorini Z. Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Perubahan Perilaku Siswa. J Exponential. 2017;2(1):206–11.

Syifa L, Setianingsih ES, Sulianto J. Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Perkembangan Psikologi Pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. J Ilm Sekol Dasar [Internet]. 2019 Nov 4;3(4):538. Available from: https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JISD/article/view/22310

Khairani M, Afrinis N, Yusnira. Hubungan Asupan Energi dan Protein dengan Status Gizi Santri Madrasah Aliyah Darul Qur’an Tahun 2021. J Ekon dan Bisnis. 2021;5(3):10985–91.

Ermona NDN, Wirjatmadi B. Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dan Asupan Gizi dengan Status Gizi Lebih Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di SDN Ketabang 1 Kota Surabaya Tahun 2017. Amerta Nutr [Internet]. 2018 Mar 12;2(1):97. Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/7847

Kanah P. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Pola Konsumsi dengan Status Gizi Pada Mahasiswa Kesehatan. Med Technol Public Heal J [Internet]. 2020 Sep 25;4(2):203–11. Available from: https://journal2.unusa.ac.id/index.php/MTPHJ/article/view/1199

Widnatusifah E, Battung S, Bahar B, Jafar N, Amalia M. Gambaran Asupan Zat Gizi dan Status Gizi Remaja Pengungsian Petobo Kota Palu. J Gizi Masy Indones J Indones Community Nutr [Internet]. 2020 May 29;9(1). Available from: http://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mgmi/article/view/10155

Avram C, Nyulas V, Onisor D, Georgescu IM, Szakacs J, Ruta F. Food Behavior and Lifestyle Among Students: The Influence of the University Environment. Nutr . 2025;17(1):1–13.

Hartono EA. Analysis of Accepted Difference in Vegetable And Animal Protein By Inpatient at Hospital of Kendal Regency. Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata Semarang; 2019.

Lestari P. Hubungan Pengetahuan Gizi, Asupan Makanan dengan Status Gizi Siswi MTS Darul Ulum. Sport Nutr J [Internet]. 2020 Aug 4;2(2):73–80. Available from: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/spnj/article/view/39761